The Ancient Egyptian. Iris Kim. March.9,2017. International

The Ancient Egyptian Iris Kim March.9,2017 International Grade 8 Pg.1 ! Introduced Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. It is one of six civilizations to arise independently. Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh Narmer. The history of ancient Egypt occurred in a series of stable kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, theMiddle Kingdom of theMiddle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age. Egypt†¦show more content†¦The majority of Egyptians were peasants who farmed small plots of land, they were tied to their land, and were required to provide services to the ruling class, such as working on the construction of temples and public works. Archaeological research shows that the average Egyptian peasant lived fairly well, with an adequate diet consisting mainly of bread and beer, with some vegetables such as onions, garlic, and fruits. The average Egyptian would only eat meat on holidays, while the wealthier would eat meat more frequently. The home of an Egyptian peasant was invariably built of mud bricks, and was well designed to stay cool inside despite the hot days. The stoves did not have chimneys and instead the smoke veneted directly through an opening in the roof. The inside of the house was simply decorated but did not lack comfort: the floors were usually covered with reed mats. The ancient Egyptians gave great importance to hygiene and appearance. They bathed frequently in the Nile and used soap pastes based on animal fat and chalk. The men shaved their heads and their entire bodies and used perfumes and aromatic ointments to cover bad odors. It was normal for men, as well as wealthier women. The Egyptians wore clothes made from sheets of white

Narrative Voice of Frederick Douglass - 920 Words

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass The tone established in the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass is unusual in that from the beginning to the end the focus has been shifted. In the beginning of the narrative Douglass seems to fulfill every stereotypical slavery theme. He is a young black slave who at first cannot read and is very naà ¯ve in understanding his situation. As a child put into slavery Douglass does not have the knowledge to know about his surroundings and the world outside of slavery. In Douglass narrative the tone is first set as that of an observer, however finishing with his own personal accounts. When first introduced to Douglass and his story, we find him to be a young slave boy filled with†¦show more content†¦Douglass states before narrating any of the peculiar circumstances, I deem it proper to make known my intention not to state all the facts connected with the transaction. In doing so Douglass assumed the narrative would lose the interest of its readers, however the mer e thought of a slave man risking his life for a chance to freedom is able to recapture the interest of any facts left out. In the conclusion of the narrative Frederick Douglass contemplates escaping, weighing it against the idea of leaving all of his friends. Douglass says, I had a good number of warm-hearted friends in Baltimore, -friends that I loved almost as I did my life, -and the thought of being separated from them forever was painful beyond expression. Such a personal tone and accounts make the reader truly see the change Douglass has gone through since the beginning of the narrative. The language difference from the beginning up until the conclusion can be based solely on spirit and education. From the start Douglass did not know much about anything and spoke like he should have, from a childs view. This includes a childs inquisitiveness, demonstrated by his speaking of others more than himself. As he grows and matures, and is even given the gift of an education the la nguage changes dramatically to that of an educated man. Speaking in an intellectual manner Douglass sees that his ability to read and write has truly set him free. From the tone of aShow MoreRelatedNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1552 Words   |  7 Pages04/23/2015 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself Theme: False versus True Christianity In this theme, Fredrick Douglass contrasts the both forms of Christianity to show the underlying hypocrisy in slavery. The results show that slavery is not religious as it exposes the evils in human bondage. These ideals however can be distorted so as to fit in the society. Two forms of Christianity are presented in â€Å"The Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass and eachRead MoreNarrative Touched The Lives Of Americans1344 Words   |  6 PagesThrough the use of shrewd analyses of the psychology of slavery, his expressive assertions of self, and his remarkable command of style, Douglass’ narrative touched the lives of Americans like no other, revolutionizing slavery forever. In 1688, feelings began to take over reality when four German Quakers settling in Germantown, Pennsylvania issued the first formal protest to abolish slavery in the American colonies. These Quakers, otherwise known as â€Å"friends† and members of The Religious SocietyRead MoreJacobs Douglass: An Insight Into The Experience of The American Slave1019 Words   |  5 PagesThe slave narratives of the ante-bellum time period have come across numerous types of themes. Much of the work concentrates on the underlining ideas beneath the stories. In the narratives, fugitives and ex-slaves appealed to the humanity they shared with their readers during these times, men being lynched and marked all over and women being the subject of grueling rapes. The slave narrative of Frederick Douglas and Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl themes come from the existenceRead MoreFrederick Douglass, An American Slave And From Song Of Myself927 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom for African Americans in the United States had been fought for many years. Freedom is key to the quality of life of an individual. Throughout the Narrative of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave and From Song of Myself the narrator we can see that a persons freedom is what gives them the purpose to live. Through the narrative of Frederick Douglas, we can see how he fights to attain freedom. Song of Myself was published in 1855, this was a time where man y Americans we optimistic about theRead MoreHello World Essay505 Words   |  3 PagesFrederick Douglass was born in Talbot County, Maryland. The date of his birth is estimated to be around the year 1818. His mother was a slave named Harriet Bailey. His father was generally acknowledged to be a white man, quite possibly his master, Captain Anthony. As a young boy, Douglass lived the typical life of a slave on a Southern plantation. He suffered through constant hunger and cold. He was also exposed to the extreme barbarity of slavery. In 1826, at the age of seven or eight, DouglassRead MoreThe Life of A Slave Girl by Harriet A. Jacobs Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesA slave narrative is to tell a slaves story and what they have been through. Six thousand former slaves from North America told about their lives during the 18th and 19th centuries. About 150 narratives were published as separate books or articles most slaves were born in the last years of the slave regime or during the Civil War. Some Slaves told about their experiences on plantations, in cities, and on small farms. Slave narratives are one of the only ways that people today know about the wayRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1293 Words   |  6 Pages Bishnu Mahat Term paper Frederick Douglass In the 1800 s, subjection was a significant issue in the United States. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass reveals much about American history in the midst of the period of servitude and outlines conflicts for the cancelation of subjection. As a chronicled report, it goes on data about the slave family, work, the master slave relationship, and the treatment and living states of slaves. As an abolitionist tract, it fights against recognizableRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass939 Words   |  4 PagesRevolutionary Freedom In 1845, an African-American man named Frederick Douglass released a thought-provoking autobiography that would become a turning point in revolutionary change. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass was the first autobiography Douglass had written focusing on the real life struggles he has faced during his time spent in bondage. During his time, it was not common for an African-American to have the skills to read and write, and it was especially uncommon to publishRead MoreIncidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl Essay1513 Words   |  7 Pagesfugitive slave narratives. She wrote during the same time as Frederick Douglass, although she was hesitant to publish her story. She was a part of the abolitionist movement and was a former slave, very much like Frederick Douglass. Frederick Douglass was an influential writer and abolitionist speaker who was born into slavery in Maryland as Frederick Bailey. He worked as a slave on farms in the Eastern Shore and enjoyed more freedom than the slaves usually did in the South. Douglass tells us in hisRead MoreHow Personal Values And Beliefs Influenced The Black American Slave Narrative1572 Words   |  7 PagesValues and Beliefs Influenced the Black American Slave Narrative: â€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl† and Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† Compared. Throughout the abolition movement, both men and women slaves were trying to escape from slavery, and find their way to freedom in the North. Many of wrote their stories down. Some with the aid of ghost writers, and often under pseudonyms to protect their safety. These slave narratives spoke of the sufferings of the slave experience in America

How Do You Define Success Free Essays

Success is defined differently by different people. For some, success means becoming rich, for others reaching high social position. Everyone has his / her own definition of success. We will write a custom essay sample on How Do You Define Success? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Depending on how you see the world, your definition of success will differ from others. However, achieving success is far from easy. Depending on the definition of success, it can be achieved through many ways and come in different forms. Nonetheless, whether small or big, success in any form carries the same worth as long as people continue to strive for it. There are many different ways to achieving success, you should just consider which way is the most appropriate for your desired results. Perseverance also plays a role, if you are willing to put in the effort; you will achieve more success and thus will be more satisfied in the end. To achieve success you should never give up. There is no use in just waiting for wishes and dreams to come true. Success can only be achieved if people learn from their mistakes. You never come close to success unless you experience failure. Believe me; you can embrace success if you only believe in yourself and your abilities. Moris Meterling said, â€Å"People are born of their thought, so think positively. † In short, no matter what situation you are involved in, in order for your goal to be achieved, you must always give your best effort, persevere, learn from your mistakes and believe in yourself. The most important thing to remember is that all you achieved is only to your benefit. How to cite How Do You Define Success?, Papers

Preparing Professional Practice Chatswood †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Preparing Professional Practice Chatswood? Answer: Introduction A professional nurse embarks on a journey that begins from playing the role of a practitioner and finally achieving the status of a clinical expert in the field of healthcare (Alexander and Stewart 2016). The report will illustrate how a reflective practice on an incident affected my transition and facilitated my professional development plan. I am a graduating nurse with an eagerness to develop competence in the clinical environment. I am currently placed at an acute psychiatric ward. I had to look after people who suffer from a myriad or disorders like psychosis, bipolar, depression and schizophrenia (Batti and Steelman 2014). I had to follow up the patients to see their improved health outcomes. The experience The incident took place during the second year of my graduation. Ms. Nguyen, aged 55 years, was brought to the mental ward after she tried to inflict self-harm upon herself. She belonged to the refugee community of Vietnam. She ran a food joint along with her brother and his wife. She was widowed and lost her son after he succumbed to jaundice. I was assigned the task of admitting her to the ward. I noticed that she had several bruise marks on her wrist and a strangulation mark on the back of her neck, which indicated repeated suicide attempts. She showed non-compliance to medicines and complained of hearing voices that instructed to end her life. When I went to her bed, she grunted and turned away. On being asked her name, she took hold of the flower vase by her bedside and threw it across the room. I was startled. I had never faced any situation where the patient had displayed such aggressive behaviour. I immediately went to report the incident to the nurse-in-charge. She was not f ound anywhere. On returning, I found that she had been tied to a chair and the staffs were forcibly trying to inject tranquilisers. When I inquired, they complained that she tried to run away from the ward and pushed a staff in the process. Thus, the staff tried to inject tranquilizers. Response I felt tormented as the situation began to unravel. This acted as a transition shock (Chang and Daly 2015). I became emotional attached to Ms. Nguyen and wanted to try all possible methods to help her overcome her auditory hallucinations and agitated state of mind. Her medical records helped me understand that she was a paranoid schizophrenia patient. The negligence and a lack of professionalism shown by the concerned nurse-in-charge worsened the situation. This incident forced me to question my role as a future registered nurse and my expected job outcomes. I wanted to vent out my doubts and apprehensions. I approached a senior registered nurse and reflected on my feelings about the patient. She acted as my mentor and helped me formulate a strategy to provide timely care to Ms. Nguyen, for a satisfying experience. I found that holistic care, empathy towards patients and effective interaction helps to realise that auditory hallucinations are not real and reduces suicidal ideation (Ba lhara and Verma 2012). My mentor taught that listening to their worries with interest and quite disposition helps to build a good rapport with the patient and reduces chances of physical abuse. Challenges or internal conflicts In my graduation period, I learned about the diagnosis, pathophysiology and prognosis diseases. However, I felt anxious on the thoughts of a mental health hands-on experience. Nurses are expected to respect and acknowledge the cultural identity of their patients to promote wellbeing. They should involve family members of the patient to gain a deeper understanding of their culture (Desborough 2012). One major challenge is the lack of engagement in clinical supervision. I felt supervision was required to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic treatment strategies. Development of trust is also integral to treating a mentally ill patient (Stuart 2014). This challenge was faced when the staff tried to patronize the patient which made her more aggressive and show reluctance to treatment. Another challenge was presence of stigma among mental health staff, lack of resources that help in reducing stigma and absence of counselling or psychological intervention. The staff showed discriminati on and ill treatment towards the patient owing to mental health stigma. This discrimination makes patients show non-compliance to medications. Engagement with members and its outcomes I was directly involved in communication with Ms. Nguyen, her brother and his wife during the entire treatment. My interaction with her brother revealed the incidents that predisposed her to paranoid schizophrenia. I provided them a clear understanding of the hallucinations that she reported, her mental progress on adhering to medications and psychological therapies and the probable precautionary measures they should follow to reduce further incidents of self-harm (Frith 2014). I also interacted with my peers and nursing teachers to gain more knowledge on the incident by effective discussion and debates. It helped me devise a plan to meet the situation if it occurs again in my career. It helped me realise that if the psychologist was consulted before the staff administered tranquilisers on Ms. Nguyen, the situation would not have escalated quickly. This challenging experience gave a clear insight into caring for the mentally disturbed and reducing their distress. Conclusion The reflection helped me illuminate the blind spots and advance my professional and personal development (Usher and Foster 2015). Thus, it can be concluded that this reflection strengthened my knowledge between clinical knowledge and efficient health practice. I will use this incident as a developmental tool for enriching my future as a registered nurse. References Alexander, S.J. and Stewart, L., 2016. Establishing and maintaining a professional identity: portfolios and career progression.Transitions in Nursing: Preparing for Professional Practice, pp.259-276. Balhara, Y.P.S. and Verma, R., 2012. Schizophrenia and suicide.East Asian Archives of Psychiatry,22(3), p.126. Batti, R. and Steelman, V.M., 2014. Accountability in nursing practice: Why it is important for patient safety.Association of Operating Room Nurses. AORN Journal,100(5), p.537. Chang, E.M.L. and Daly, J., 2015. Transitions in nursing: Preparing for professional practice (Vol. 4). Chatswood. Desborough, J.L., 2012. How nurse practitioners implement their roles.Australian Health Review,36(1), pp.22-26. Frith, C.D., 2014.The cognitive neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Psychology Press. Stuart, G.W., 2014.Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Usher, K. and Foster, K., 2015. Reflective practice for the graduate.Transitions in Nursing-E-Book: Preparing for Professional Practice, p.277.

Incidents in the Arabian Peninsula

Introduction The Arabian Peninsula has been a focal point in the world with the incidents in the region attracting world wide attention. This has been because of the mass quantities of oil reserves that the region holds as therefore making it especially significant to the developed world. Walker et al (2007) declare that the discovery of oil in the first decade of the 20th century forever changed the face of the region.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Incidents in the Arabian Peninsula specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After the first commercially viable oil struck in the Gulf in 1908, Arab local ruler’s interest in oil was heightened. Walker et al (2007) notes that this interest was sparked by the desire by rulers to bolster their finances. As of this time, most of the Arabian Peninsula countries were colonized by Britain. In the 1960s, countries in the Gulf region began gaining independence which resulted in an increase say by the population on how to use the oil revenues. A major result of the mass quantities of exported oil in the Arabian Peninsula was the rapid modernization of Arab communities. Before the oil wealth, most of the population in the Arab States was rural and led a primitive nomadic lifestyle. Oil revenues helped change the communities into modern entities with the state boasting of good infrastructure for its people. As a result of the enormous wealth, most states were able to establish generous welfare program that â€Å"emphasized primary health care and universal education† (Walker et al. 2007). The oil Embargo of 1973 is hailed as a historic event since it demonstrated a major use of oil as a political weapon by the Arab states. Shwadran (1977) reveals that the following the hostilities between the Arabs and the Israeli, the oil ministers in Arab countries met and held discussions as to the implications of the war. The Arab States representatives unanimo usly decided to cut oil supplies to all the consuming countries and more drastically to impose a total embargo on the United States and Holland who were the major supporters of Israel. Falola and Genova (2005) document that the objectives of the embargo were to directly impact Israel by cutting its oil supplies as well as its biggest Western supporters. The Arab States came up with a number of conditions which had to be fulfilled before the cut in supplies could be lifted. This conditions were; Israeli withdrawal from all the Arab territory she occupied and the granting of rights to the Palestinian people. While the embargo was finally lifted in 1974 without either of the demands of the Arab State being met, the embargo highlighted the power that the Arab oil producers held.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The embargo resulted in the Western world acknowledging the vulne rable position that resulted from the great dependence on Oil from the Arab States. In addition to the political leverage that imposition of oil embargoes gave to the Arab states, the embargoes also made them wealthier. This is because each embargo resulted in a surge in oil prices which resulted in even greater wealth for the oil producing countries. The embargo demonstrates a recognition by the Arab states of the importance of oil to the world and their attempt to exploit this for a political cause. While the plan was a failure since the Arab producing countries lifted the oil embargo before achieving their cause. However, the embargo resulted in a reasonable increase in the oil revenue to the advantage of the Arab States. In addition to this, the embargo revealed to the world the power that the Arab states could posses when they acted in unity. Difficulties in Attaining a 2-State Solution While the origins of the Arab-Israeli conflict date back many centuries with both Jews and M uslims laying claim to the land of Israel, the conflict as we currently know it traces its roots to 1948. This was when the United Nations established the state of Israeli and encouraged Jews from all over the world to immigrate to the land. This led to a displacement of hundreds of thousands of Arabs who had previously occupied the land and resulted in a number of Arab-Israeli Wars over the formation of the state of Israel and the rights of the Palestinians. Attempts at ending the conflict have been underway with the most notable step being the 1993 Oslo Accord during which the 2-state solution was proposed (Zanotti, 2010).While many Palestinians are committed to the â€Å"principle of self-determination† and Israelis are opposed to a one state solution, the 2-state option still remains evasive. Some of the major reasons are as outlined below. A major concern for Israel has been the security of her people from attacks. This concern has been validated by the constant tensions between Israelis and Palestinians as well as the upsurge of attacks by both sides (Zanotti, 2010). At the present, Israeli has an upper hand due to its control of the Jordan valley as well as control of the entire airspace, Were a 2-state solution to be achieved, Israel would be required to give up the Jordan valley and allow Palestinians to control the airspace as well as the frontiers that lie in their territory. This would greatly increase Israel’s vulnerability to attacks as well as limit its defense capabilities. Another reason why a 2-state solution would be difficult to achieve is because of the settlement projects by Israel. As it currently stands, Israel has and is continuing to set up settlements in the West Bank. While this has been cause for many demonstrations by Palestinians and Arab states, Israel has continued to establish new projects. If a 2-state solution were to be reached, it would invariably call for Israel to abandon its settlements.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Incidents in the Arabian Peninsula specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kelman (2011) declares that the settlement process itself has resulted in increasing opposition by Israelis to the proposed two-state solution. As such, while both the Palestinian leadership and the State of Israel have recognized each other’s political legitimacy a 2-state solution has not been achieved. Currently Palestine is under Israeli troop’s occupation. This has been one of the bones of contention with much of the democratic world deeming Israelis occupation as illegal. A 2-state solution would call for the withdrawal of Israeli troops so as to enforce the sovereignty of the Palestinian state. Zanotti (2010) states that this relinquishing of full control over territory and borders by Israel is highly unlikely in any foreseeable future. Considering the fact that an end to Israeli occupation of the West Bank is one of the major demands by Palestinians before a 2-state solution can be reached, the Israeli stand presents a major difficulty in the 2-state solution. As can be seen through this paper, the Arab-Israeli conflict has major ramifications to the rest of the world. Many negotiations have been held in an attempt to come up with a peaceful solution to the conflict with the 2-state solution being the most promising one. However, various issues have resulted in both sides sabotaging the solution up to the present time. References Falola, T. Genova, A. (2005). The politics of the global oil industry: an introduction. Greenwood Publishing Group. Kelman, H. C. (2010). A One-Country / Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Middle East Policy Council Shwadran, B. (1977). Middle East oil: issues and problems. Transaction Publishers.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Walker, J., Butler, S., Carter, T., Dunston, L. Gordon, F. (2007). Oman, UAE Arabian Peninsula. NY: Lonely Planet. Zanotti, J. (2010). Israel and the Palestinians: Prospects for a Two-State Solution. Congressional Research Service. This essay on Incidents in the Arabian Peninsula was written and submitted by user Corban R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Messiah

Tonight the A Cappella choir, Choral Union, Women’s choir and the SFA Chamber Orchestra all performed the Christmas part of the Messiah. Usually when I hear the Messiah performed, there are only four soloists that sing the whole time. I get sick and tired of hearing just one person per part. In the concert tonight, there was a different person for each solo. Then of course the whole choir would come in on the chorus part. I thought that the whole choir did a really good job on the piece. The way everyone was talking, it sounded like it was going to be a long night. I think everyone surprised themselves. All the soloists were really good except a few of them. Nathan de Paz sang a solo, and not that he doesn’t know what he’s doing, I just don’t like his voice and I thought he could have done a little better on his part. Of course he was singing right after Scott Quinn who has a great loud voice, though a little to heavy sometimes. Bonnie Bolinger was the other solo that didn’t do a very good job. She was flat and shouldn’t have been up there. Then it came to Kelli Mikeska who sang the song that we went over in class, Rejoice. I thought she did a really good job. That is a very hard song with a lot of melismas. She pulled it off very nicely and probably had the best solo of anyone that night. The choir finished by singing the Hallelujah chorus, which we also went over in class. The choir did a very good job on this as well. The fugues were really good, there were a few times where they got behind, but they always recovered. All in all, the choir did a really good job. The orchestra did really well too. They seemed to follow Dr. King very good and they seemed to stay with the choir. Great job overall for everyone.... Free Essays on Messiah Free Essays on Messiah Tonight the A Cappella choir, Choral Union, Women’s choir and the SFA Chamber Orchestra all performed the Christmas part of the Messiah. Usually when I hear the Messiah performed, there are only four soloists that sing the whole time. I get sick and tired of hearing just one person per part. In the concert tonight, there was a different person for each solo. Then of course the whole choir would come in on the chorus part. I thought that the whole choir did a really good job on the piece. The way everyone was talking, it sounded like it was going to be a long night. I think everyone surprised themselves. All the soloists were really good except a few of them. Nathan de Paz sang a solo, and not that he doesn’t know what he’s doing, I just don’t like his voice and I thought he could have done a little better on his part. Of course he was singing right after Scott Quinn who has a great loud voice, though a little to heavy sometimes. Bonnie Bolinger was the other solo that didn’t do a very good job. She was flat and shouldn’t have been up there. Then it came to Kelli Mikeska who sang the song that we went over in class, Rejoice. I thought she did a really good job. That is a very hard song with a lot of melismas. She pulled it off very nicely and probably had the best solo of anyone that night. The choir finished by singing the Hallelujah chorus, which we also went over in class. The choir did a very good job on this as well. The fugues were really good, there were a few times where they got behind, but they always recovered. All in all, the choir did a really good job. The orchestra did really well too. They seemed to follow Dr. King very good and they seemed to stay with the choir. Great job overall for everyone....

Totalitarianism - World history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Totalitarianism - World history - Essay Example Some of the popular totalitarian leaders such as Hitler of Germany and Stalin of Soviet union can be used as an example of those who used special secret police to spy on and punish those who criticized their authority. Hitler used the Gestapo to punish those who went against the Nazi ideologies (Lloyd 2011). As stated earlier, totalitarian rule does not accord any importance to basic human rights. In Germany for example, Hitler blamed the Jews for the increased unemployment rate in the country, which was untrue as such was as a result of the great depression in 1930s. Consequently, thousands of Jews were incarcerated without fair trial and others were murdered in the process. Stalin on the other hand introduced collective farming, which forced numerous peasant farmers to give up their land, a policy which was highly criticized and which led to massive killings of those who opposed it. Freedom of expression in such a rule is also hard to find as the ruling party takes control of all m edia, in order to ensure that reporting is done in a biased manner favorable to the government.

Emerging Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Emerging Marketing - Essay Example The emerging markets' countries are rapidly growing economically and are characterized by fast growth in infrastructure, manufacturing industries, general industries and have matured politically and socially. These factors have been the key movers of the economy. However, these countries are also facing certain challenges. Some of these challenges pose great risks and may discourage investors and laborers if they are not well addressed. Emerging countries have been trying their best to address these challenges in different ways. No wonder there is a great influx of people of all walks of life to Mexico every year (Li, n.d). This paper will analyze Mexico as an emerging market, opportunities and challenges faced. Global Overview Mexico is the 14th largest country by total land area and the 11th most populous country in the world today. It is made up of 31 states and one federal district with Mexico City as the capital, housing most important administrative and legislative offices. The city is among the largest in the world with a population of ore than 20 million people. Mexico has an interesting history. It had many ancient civilizations, including Maya, Aztec, Olmec, Zapotec, African, Toltec, Inca, French and Spanish. The country is accredited for having the first printing press in North America and for introducing chilies, chocolate and corn to the world. Mexico got independence from Spain in 1810, and the constitution was introduced in February 1917. The Mexican government is made up of the legislature, the executive and the judiciary (World Fact Book, 2013). Social Factors Mexico has a population of about one hundred and twelve million people. About fifty-one percent of the population is women, and the remaining forty-nine percent are men. The wealthy represent just about ten percent of the Mexican population yet they control more than 90 percent of the economy. Majority of Mexicans are poor and the economic changes that are witnessed there currently have b een changing this. The very poorest population in Mexico account for just about 1 percent of the economy while the rich 10% absorb more than forty percent of the economy. Poverty levels have been decreasing, and the middle class group has been increasing exponentially. Mexico has one of the fastest growing middle class populations in the world today (Johnson, 2012). Economic Factors Mexico has been changing rapidly in the last three decades, thanks to the policies and reforms introduced by the government in the late 1980s and early 1990s. This played an important role in changing the economy of Mexico at that time, and that pace has been gaining momentum year after year. There are several statistics that can be used to show these changes. Take, for example, the trade with United States, the major trading partner of Mexico. The value of goods traded between the two countries was about 130 billion dollars in 1997. The value increased to a staggering 450 billion dollars in the year 201 1. That is close to four times the 1997 value (Villarreal, 2012). Mexico has many resources, which have been attracting investors from across the world. Other emerging markets countries are becoming expensive to live in and to set up industries. A study by Damien Cave, A renowned New York Times writer indicates that Mexico is attracting many immigrants every

At the Brookly Museum, art helps show why black lives matter Essay

At the Brookly Museum, art helps show why black lives matter - Essay Example Resnikoff explains how some of the portraits of modern day black people provoke traditional images of medieval saints by placing them in medieval religious contexts. To support, the article refers to specific exhibits, such as the "Arms of Nicolas Ruterius, Bishop of Arras† and the â€Å"Mugshot Study†. He considers Wiley’s artwork as being similar to the ‘Black Lives Matter’ movement, which resists de-humanisation of black people and calls for racial justice. The article also refers to the differences in public view that the exhibition will provoke more public discussions of racial injustice and that it is too difficult to alter the deep-seated attitudes with one exhibition. The content of the article is relevant to the topic, which is how Wiley’s works of art on display at the museum provoke discussions among the public about the value of black lives. The choice of examples helps show how Wiley’s portraitures reinterpret traditional paintings and break the widespread images of black people. The article also refers to Wiley himself, for example, to show how the artist draws parallels between mugshots and the paintings of the 18th century. The article gives a broad review of the artwork on display by presenting the views of the author, the differing opinions of the public, and discussions of the features of specific works of art on display. References to public opinion balance the argument and evoke interest in the reader about the topic. Resnikoff, Ned. (March 2, 2015). At the Brooklyn Museum, art helps show why black lives matter. Aljazeera America. Retrieved from

The Importance Of Sexual Intimacy In Marriage

The Importance Of Sexual Intimacy In Marriage From the very beginning martial union and physical union were intertwined together. Genesis 2:24 (King James Version) states Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh. Marriage is a one flesh relationship. Sex is not peripheral to marriage but is delicately woven into its very fabric (Weiner-Davis, 2008). Sexual intimacy in marriage is Gods gift to mankind. Gods gift of sexual intimacy in marriage serves four purposes: consummation of marriage, procreation, love, and pleasure (Hollinger, 2009). Human imperfection is the result of sin entering the world. Different sex drives and unresolved marital conflicts are human imperfections that cause dissatisfaction and diminished sexual intimacy in a marriage that can trigger emotional disconnect, infidelity, or divorce. In order for a couple to revive sexual intimacy in their marriage they have to be willing to understand their differences and forgive past mistakes. God , the creator of sexual intimacy chose to relate to mankind through sexual intimacy in a marriage. The four purposes of Gods gift of sexual intimacy in marriage are: consummation of marriage, procreation, love, and pleasure. The first purpose of sexual intimacy is for the consummation of marriage. Consummation of marriage happens when a married couple has sexual intercourse for the first time. The biblical term to know means that a couple becomes literally one flesh at the moment of intercourse (Janssen, 2001). At that moment, something dynamic transpires between the two when they become one flesh their relationship is now different, set apart and made distinct (Hollinger). The second purpose of sexual intimacy is procreation. In Genesis 1:28 God reveals his plan for procreation when he blessed Adam and Eve and said unto them, Be fruitful and multiply, and replenish the earth and subdue it (KJV). Sexual intercourse is the means by which human life on earth continues and the means by which every human life begins (Hollinger). Procreation was Gods plan for mankind to populate the earth. The third purpose of sexual intimacy is love. Covenantal love is found in a marriage. Covenantal love is forever and accepts the responsibility to bear children from sexual intercourse (Hollinger). Love is so exquisitely defined in I Corinthians chapter 13. Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trust, always hopes, always perseveres. Love never fails (New International Version). Sexual intimacy in a marriage is sacred and creates a love bond between husband and wife that is not easily broken. The fourth purpose of sexual intimacy is pleasure. C.S. Lewis rightfully connects legitimate pleasure with God when he penned the following words: God gives good gifts to human beings for their enjoyment. In our fallen state we often turn these good gifts in to gods, demanding more of them than they can yield and replacing God, the ultimate good with created goodsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The very fact that the psalmist can speak of eternal pleasures at Gods right hand shows that he is a God of pleasure (Lewis, 2001). God created sexual intimacy that was pure and undefiled for marital pleasure but sin when it was conceived defiled sexual intimacy and took it outside the confines of marriage. As long as sexual intimacy is kept in the confines of marriage it can be pleasurable and still remain pure and undefiled. According to sex therapists, Rosenau and Sytsma it has been our clinical experience that couples who desire deep connections and fantastic sexual intimacy, must learn to laugh and play in a way the Creator designed as part of the experience of intimacy (Rosenau, 2004). God created sexual intimacy for marital pleasure and he intended for husbands and wives to enjoy each other sexually. Sexual intimacy is vital in a marriage and that is how God created marriage. Unfortunately, with the fall of man came human imperfection. Human imperfection causes flaws in all of Gods creation and marriage is not exempt from this demise. Human imperfection in a marriage manifests itself through various venues that results in dissatisfaction and a decline of sexual intimacy in a marriage. One venue is differences in sex drives and another venue is unresolved marital conflicts. Differences in sex drives can have a negative effect on sexual intimacy in a marriage. In a lot of marriages one spouse will have a high sex drive and the other spouse will have a low sex drive. The spouse with the lower sex drive controls the sexual relationship. They dictate the frequency of sex, the time for sex, and the type of sexual activities and techniques that will be used during sex. The spouse with the higher sex drive begins to feel powerless, rejected, hurt, lonely and unloved. As a result sexual intimacy diminishes and dissatisfaction manifests itself in the marriage (Weiner-Davis, 2008). Unresolved marital conflicts can also cause dissatisfaction and diminished sexual intimacy in a marriage. Conflicts over finances, parenting issues, a controlling spouse, infidelity, individual preferences, unintended emotional injury, flaws and weaknesses are typical marital conflicts. Conflicts when they arise need to be confronted and a compromise reached. Ephesians 4:26 admonishes man let not the sun go down upon your wrath (KJV). Couples should make it a priority in their marriage to resolve conflicts. Unresolved conflicts in a marriage begin to build barriers between the husband and the wife. If unresolved martial conflicts persist in a marriage, the marriage is headed for failure. Differences in sex drive and unresolved marital conflicts have the ability to spawn emotional disconnect, infidelity, or divorce in a marriage. Emotional disconnect occurs when a couple is no longer emotionally intimate with each other. Emotional disconnect is caused by feelings of resentment and rejection. Infidelity is when one spouse is physically or mentally unfaithful to the other spouse. Lust and pornography are types of mental infidelity that usually precede physical infidelity. Divorce is inevitable if emotional disconnect and infidelity are not resolved in the marriage. Sins curse to marriage is divorce. God hates divorce and he did not intend for marriage to end in divorce but he understands that sometimes divorce is the only viable option (Christian Marriage Today, 2012). Rekindling the spark of sexual intimacy in a marriage requires learning to understand each others differences and the ability to forgive past mistakes. There has to be an understanding that God made every individual different and the willingness to accept those differences. Past mistakes that still linger in the marriage need to be relinquished and forgiven (Christian Marriage Today). Marriages are not perfect and sometimes outside intervention such as prayer, counseling and marriage seminars are necessary. Counseling and marriage seminars can strengthen or reconnect marital relationships. Most importantly, seeking God for guidance and understanding through prayer will help build, maintain, or renew intimacy in a marriage (Weiner-Davis). God created man in his own image and he desired to be close to man. God chose sexual intimacy in marriage as a way relate to man. Sex is his self-disclosing picture window into the Almighty ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­-His grand metaphor to teach the value he places on intimate relationships. God is love and sexuality gives us ways to understand this (Rosenau). Sin mars, distorts or even erases evidence of our creator in sex acts. Often sex bears no resemblance to Gods image as was his original design and intent. Sexual intimacy gives man insights into Gods character and the way he interacts with man (Rosenau). Research on the topic of the importance of sexual intimacy in marriage revealed the importance that God places on sexual intimacy. If God believes that sexual intimacy in a marriage is important then man should make sexual intimacy in marriage a priority. If man would make it a priority there would be less divorce in the world. God desires his children to live happy and fulfilled lives. It is his good pleasure for couples to experience sexual intimacy. Sexual intimacy does not create marriage, but sexual intimacy cannot be divorced from marriage. God, the creator of marriage would have it no other way (Weiner-Davis).

Separation of Online Communities :: Argumentative Persuasive Papers

Separation of Online Communities On January 10 of 2003, I struggled with an inorganic chemistry homework problem on entropy before the night of my exam. I logged on to an inorganic chemistry forum. This forum is similar to the structure of a classroom. The forum is popular among two types of members, instructors and students. The students post their homework, and the instructors answer the questions posted by the students. The average number of posts in that site is 30 per day. The forum is extremely popular and continuously filled with questions and requests for help with homework. I was hoping that someone knew the answer to my question and would respond to me before my exam. I therefore posted: â€Å"Rank the following element in decrease entropy, Al(s), Ba(s), Hg (l), H2 (g), HBr (g), Thanks for your help I would like to know the answer of this A.S.A.P because my exam is tomorrow morning.† Within an hour I received this response from Professor Helmenstine, the administrator of the site, also a professor in chemistry department: The order should be HBr (g), H2 (g), Hg (l), Ba(s), Al(s). An ordered state has a low probability of occurring and low entropy. A disordered state has a high probability of occurring and high entropy. Gas has the highest entropy because it is more disordered than any other element. And solid is in the most ordered state; therefore it has the lowest entropy. I know this is the first time you posted but I must inform you that integrity is essential in this site’s posting. I recommend you follow your school’s honor codes and not attempt to get any unauthorized aid from this site. Please check out this site’s regulation page and please follow the rules of this site. I hope that I helped and good luck on your exam.† (Helmenstine) I was delighted that I was able to receive help from a forum. After all, the online communities are similar to what Rheingold stated in his article â€Å"Virtual Community.† â€Å"In the summer of 1986, my then-two-year-old daughter picked up a tick. There was this blood-bloated thing suck on our baby’s scalp, and we weren’t quiet sure how to go about getting it off. Separation of Online Communities :: Argumentative Persuasive Papers Separation of Online Communities On January 10 of 2003, I struggled with an inorganic chemistry homework problem on entropy before the night of my exam. I logged on to an inorganic chemistry forum. This forum is similar to the structure of a classroom. The forum is popular among two types of members, instructors and students. The students post their homework, and the instructors answer the questions posted by the students. The average number of posts in that site is 30 per day. The forum is extremely popular and continuously filled with questions and requests for help with homework. I was hoping that someone knew the answer to my question and would respond to me before my exam. I therefore posted: â€Å"Rank the following element in decrease entropy, Al(s), Ba(s), Hg (l), H2 (g), HBr (g), Thanks for your help I would like to know the answer of this A.S.A.P because my exam is tomorrow morning.† Within an hour I received this response from Professor Helmenstine, the administrator of the site, also a professor in chemistry department: The order should be HBr (g), H2 (g), Hg (l), Ba(s), Al(s). An ordered state has a low probability of occurring and low entropy. A disordered state has a high probability of occurring and high entropy. Gas has the highest entropy because it is more disordered than any other element. And solid is in the most ordered state; therefore it has the lowest entropy. I know this is the first time you posted but I must inform you that integrity is essential in this site’s posting. I recommend you follow your school’s honor codes and not attempt to get any unauthorized aid from this site. Please check out this site’s regulation page and please follow the rules of this site. I hope that I helped and good luck on your exam.† (Helmenstine) I was delighted that I was able to receive help from a forum. After all, the online communities are similar to what Rheingold stated in his article â€Å"Virtual Community.† â€Å"In the summer of 1986, my then-two-year-old daughter picked up a tick. There was this blood-bloated thing suck on our baby’s scalp, and we weren’t quiet sure how to go about getting it off.

Out of School Youths Essay

Out of school youth means having a vulnerable people who have needs. Nobody can deny the hard fact that education is an extremely important factor for bringing change in the lives of individuals. It has universally been recognized as the most powerful instrument and pre-requisite for gearing up the socio-economic development of a nation. In fact, it can be said that it is a pre-condition for the overall up-lift and welfare of a nation. This is why investment in education is considered to be so vital for human resource development and the enhancement of the quality of manpower. The history of humankind, in general, and that of developed nations of the worked, in particular, is replete with the precedents, which establish the fact that a certain level of literacy in population is an essential pre-requisite for precipitating the process of development in a country. The segment of society that plays the most active part in the socio-economic development of any country/region consists of the adolescents. It is clear that the composition and characteristics of this most crucial part of population goes a long way in expediting the process of national development and influencing the policy makers and planners in their planning and decision making for the future. In this way, the adolescents act as a sort of a â€Å"pressure group† that exerts a far-reaching impact on the process of educational planning as well as on the other developmental activities of the country.

“Performance Management can be defined as a systematic process for improving organizational performance by developing the performance of individuals and team.” The WritePass Journal

â€Å"Performance Management can be defined as a systematic process for improving organizational performance by developing the performance of individuals and team.† Introduction: â€Å"Performance Management can be defined as a systematic process for improving organizational performance by developing the performance of individuals and team.† Introduction:Links between individual, team and organizational objectivesIndividual and Team:Individuals, team and organizational objectives:Evaluating Teams:Task Performance:Team Functioning:Team Member Satisfaction:Selecting and agreeing individual and team objectives:Individual and team responsibility in achieving objectivesCreating an environment of trust and support with othersEnvironment of Trust and Support:Building a rapportBuilding trust and respectManaging conflictPersuading or influencing another personNegotiatingCommunicating assertivelyCommunicating informativelyCommunicating supportivelyImportance of Trust and support in an organization  Ã‚   MotivationTeam working and Team BuildingCustomer CareHuman Resource ManagementNegotiationWorkload managementCareer Development  Evaluating and assessing individual and team performance against objectiveWritten Essays:Critical Incidents:  Graphic Rating Scales:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale s:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Methods of providing feedback to individuals and teams on performanceProviding Feedback to individuals and team:Types of Feedback:Motivational Feedback:Developmental Feedback:Constructive Feedback:Constructive Feedback Requires:AssertivenessRespect for others SkillTips for Constructive FeedbackChoose the right timeStart with positivesFocus on the behaviorBe accurateBalance negative with positiveBenefits of FeedbackCauses of conflict and strategies to minimize or prevent conflictTypes of Conflict: Task Conflict:Relationship ConflictProcess ConflictSystems for performance assessment for individuals or teamsPerformance improvement cycle                          The performance improvement cycle can be explained below:Indicators of poor performanceSupporting performance improvementBASE PAY:Assistance Programs:Disciplinary and grievance proceduresManagement Functions1.  Planning:2. Organizing3.  Ã‚  Leading4.  ControllingThe key aspe cts of legislation that applies to an organization’s disciplinary and grievance procedureHonesty and integritySelf-confidenceIntelligence Job   relevant knowledgeLeaders are energeticReflective Statement BibliographyRelated Introduction: Performance Management may be defined by as a feedback mechanism for the evaluation of employee s past performance. This may be a five minute informational discussion between employees and their supervisors’ or more elaborate, several week process involving many specific steps: Employees generally see any such evaluation as having some direct effect on their work lives. Performance Management led to increased pay, a promotion development areas for which the employees need some training. As a result, any evaluation of emotionally charged event. Performance Management is no longer a simple process. It is now more difficult to perform one while simultaneously focusing on key job activities. Performance evaluation conveys to employees how well they have performance on established goals. It also desirable to have these goals and performance measures mutually set between the employ and the supervisor. â€Å"Without proper two way feedback about an employee’s effort and its effect on performance, we run the risk of decreasing his or her motivation† Links between individual, team and organizational objectives Individual and Team: Individual are the constituting body of a team. Team is more than a group. It has common objectives and accountability and may be setup by the organization under the supervision or coaching of a team leader. â€Å"A team leader is a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance, goals and approach, for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Katzenbach and Smith) Team working may be used for: Individuals, team and organizational objectives: Meeting team objectives can be more difficult than meeting individual objectives, as more people need to be involved in the process. More people mean more ideas, more skills, more knowledge, and more experience collective efforts to see the organizational objectives as a success. These potential benefits needs careful management of the process agreeing team objectives in a worth. Organizational objectives should be SMART S  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Short M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Measurable A  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Accurate R  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reliable T  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Time Manageable In that situation individuals and team will put their best efforts to meet the SMART goals. Evaluating Teams: Team effectiveness includes: Task Performance: Fulfillment of task and organizational goals. Team Functioning: Constructive maintained of team working managing the demands of team, roles and process. Team Member Satisfaction: Fulfillment of individual development and relationship needs. Selecting and agreeing individual and team objectives:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It can be more difficult to agree team objectives that individual objectives, as more people desire to be involved in the process. However, more people also means: more ideas; more experience, skills and knowledge tremendous support within the team; and a combined determination to have objectives through successfully.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All these benefits make the useful management of the process of agreeing team objectives worthwhile.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Training activity gives the team leader to a method of agreeing team objectives that is based on to get maximum input and commitment.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The team leader can utilize the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   training activity to agree real-life team objectives by replacing the examples provided with their own material. I am introducing the training process by telling the participants that they are ready to spend some time focusing on SMART objectives in the context of setting team objectives then I put pressure on the importance of agreeing rather than imposing objectives. Next, I conversant about how difficulties in agreeing individuals objectives. I set a step by step method that can be used when agreeing team objectives, than run either or both of two exercises where objectives are made for a particular area. Individual and team responsibility in achieving objectives   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We can define a team as a group of people who are all focused to achieve a common objective. In the team, every member may know his/her value within the team, and they can work towards the individual objective they have been given when all the smaller objectives get together, they become a greater common objective.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A team can work well with great efficiency when the team is efficient. It’s not important to provide for a team where every single person has the essential team spirit is more necessary for the team to be a real team in every possible way.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Individual members should be fully committed to their personal objective the greater common objective of the team can be achieved if the members of the team concentrate on their â€Å"bit† and deny the rest to those who are a salary commensurate with such responsibilities.  Ã‚  Ã‚      Team members should know to appreciate how the pooling of individuals talents and to the skills and the recourses can strengthen the team and achieve better results.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There should be importance of individuals’ members and importance should be accepted by the team leaders and managers.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚   If a team worker feels that he is a valued person of his team, he has the right team spirit, and they will be much more easily persuaded of its importance. They are agreed to work interdependently towards both personal and team goals with mutual support. Members of the team collaborate together. They are agreed to use their talent and experience for organizational objectives. They respect and listen to every person’s point of view. They participant equally in decision making. Creating an environment of trust and support with others Environment of Trust and Support: Different skills are used in interactions and relationships between two or more people which are as follows: Building a rapport Being in tune with the other people, which draws them into a relationship. Building trust and respect So that relationship is maintained and cooperation facilitated. Managing conflict Managing conflict in the relationship to preserve it. Persuading or influencing another person Persuading or influencing another person, to do what you want them to do or to share your beliefs Negotiating It means to compromise or a mutually acceptable solutions to problem. Communicating assertively It includes to uphold your rights and get your needs met. Communicating informatively Through this you give timely and relevant information Communicating supportively It is usedto encourage others and get their commitment. Why Trust and Support are important? Understand and manage the roles, relationships, attitudes and perceptions. Communicate clearly with the other people. Achieve your aims. Importance of Trust and support in an organization  Ã‚   In business context, trust and support are important for processes such as: Motivation It means persuading and inspiring for committee performance. Team working and Team Building It helps in building trust, encouraging communications and managing conflict. Customer Care We can win trust, exchanging information and managing conflict. Human Resource Management We can use it for negotiating, interviewing conducting approvals and managing disciplinary and grievance procedures. Negotiation It means maintaining relationships by acceptable solutions. Workload management It has being able to delegate effectively, negotiating assistance and saying â€Å"no† assertively flexibility. Career Development It provides demonstrating networking, communication and leadership skills, essential for management roles.   Evaluating and assessing individual and team performance against objective   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Following points explain the individual and team performance against objectives: Written Essays: In a written essay, an evaluator appraises an employee’s performances through a written description of an employee’s strength and weaknesses, past performance, and potential. In addition, the evaluators make suggestions for improvement. Critical Incidents:   Using critical incidents, an evaluator appraises an employee’s performances by focusing on critical behaviors that separate effective from ineffective job performance. The appraisers writes down anecdotes that describe what an employee did that was especially effective or ineffective. The key here is that only specific behaviors not vaguely define personality traits, are cited. Graphic Rating Scales:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most popular performance appraisal methods is graphical rating scales. This method list a set of performance factors such as quantity and quality of work, job knowledge, cooperation, loyalty, attendance, honesty and initiative. The evaluator goes down the list and rates the employee on each factor using an incremental scale. For instance, a factor such as job knowledge might be rated from 1 to 5. Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another popular approach is behaviorally anchored rating scales, which combine elements from the critical incident and graphing rating scale approaches. The appraiser rates an employee according to items along a numerical scale, but the items are the examples of actual job behaviors rather than general descriptions or traits. Methods of providing feedback to individuals and teams on performance Providing Feedback to individuals and team: Feedback gives information to others about their performance, behaviors and results against goals. Types of Feedback: Motivational Feedback: Rewards reinforce positive behaviors by praise and recognition. The purpose is to motivate them. Developmental Feedback: Informing what to be improved and how to improve?   Its purpose is to develop learning. Constructive Feedback: Supports development. This is not giving only positive feedback but negative feedback as well when there are shortcomings. Constructive Feedback Requires: Assertiveness Assertivance is preparing to face difficult situation. Respect for others While developing the individuals, they should be managing respectfully. Skill Effective feedback is a complex interpersonal skill Tips for Constructive Feedback Choose the right time It is necessary that choose the right time close to the event. Appropriate time should be chosen for sensitive matters e.g. conflict handing situation. Start with positives People accept criticism if balanced with positive aspects Focus on the behavior Rather than personality Be accurate Avoid exaggeration for instance instance   instead of saying that you are always late, it is better to say you were late on two occasions. Balance negative with positive Close your discussion with positive encouragement. Benefits of Feedback Positive feedback is motivational. Negative feedback is developmental. Feedback helps employees to understand and adjust their performance. Feedback enables us to plan and direct our efforts. Feedback enables us to understand the purpose. Causes of conflict and strategies to minimize or prevent conflict When I am using the term Conflict, I am referring to perceived incompatible differences resulting in some form of interference or opposition. Whether the differences are real is irrelevant. If people in a group perceive that differences exit, then there is conflict. Conflict is a natural outcome in any group and need not be negative but rather has potential to be a positive force in contributing to a group’s performance. The very major proposes that not only can conflict be a positive forced in a group but also that some conflict is necessary for a group to perform effectively. It is also necessary that all conflicts are good and best. Some conflicts are seen as supporting te goals of the work group and improving its performance. Types of Conflict:   Ã‚  Ã‚   There are mainly three types of conflict which are as follows: Task Conflict: Task Conflict relates to the content and goals of the work. Relationship Conflict Relationship conflict focuses on interpersonal relationships. Process Conflict Process Conflict refers to how the work gets done. Systems for performance assessment for individuals or teams A performance evaluation system would be remiss if it did not concern itself with the legal aspects of employee performance. Suppose a supervisor has decided to terminate an employee. Although the supervisor cites performance matters as the reason for the discharge, a review of the employee’s recent performance appraisals indicates that performance was evaluated as satisfactory for the past two review periods. Accordingly, unless this employee’s performance significantly decreased, personal records do not support the supervisor’s decision. Performance improvement cycle                           The performance improvement cycle can be explained below: The performance improvement cycle is given below:    In this diagram, the first circle shows following terms: Use Behavior-Based Measures: Combine Absolute and Relative Standards Providing Ongoing Feedback Use Multiple Raters Rate Selectively Train appraisers Indicators of poor performance Bad Result Less effectiveness: Not able to meet the organizational objectives Employees absentees Dissatisfaction of the employee Not able to work in team Supporting performance improvement Probability one of the most complex function of performance management   is the design and implementation. International compensation packages in the United States generally used the â€Å"balanced _sheet approach, ’’ which considers four factors: base pay, differentials, incentives and assistance programs. BASE PAY: Ideally, this equals the pay of employees in comparable jobs at home, but the range of pay scales in most countries is far narrower than in the United States. Thus, whereas a middle manager in a U.S. factory might earn $75,000 a year, the same manager in Germany might earn the equivalent of $110,000. However, the U.S higher_ level executive might earn $500,000 and her counterpart in Germany only the equivalent of $150,000. How can human resource managers satisfy the middle manager who earns a third less than the counterpart where he works, while also satisfying the German executive who earns less than her U.S. counterpart?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition to fairness among overseas employees, foreign currencies and laws must be considered. Should expatriates be paid in U.S. dollars or the local currency values_ or a combination of the two? How does the organization deal with changes in currency values? Do restrictions apply to either bringing in or taking out dollars or the local currency? If so, how are savings handled? Should salaries increases follow the same standards as those established for the domestic employees or local standards? Does the expatriate pay U.S. or foreign income taxes?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The U.S. State Department has negotiated agreements with every country to determine where income will be taxed, but the protection of foreign tax rates creates new administration for the organization. Differentials:            Ã‚   The cost of living fluctuates around the world, and the value of the dollar to foreign currencies affects prices. For example, if a gallon of regular unleaded gasoline in the United States where $1.25; in England is might be equivalent to $4.83; and in Hong Kong, 5.24, to publishes a   regular updates by most multinational corporations for providing differentials to maintain the standards of living the expatriate would enjoy if he or she were home. Incentives:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Not all employees are willing to leave family, friends and the comfort of home support system for long periods of time. Thus, mobility inducement to go on foreign assignment is regularly offered. These may include monetary payments or services, such as housing, car, chauffeur, and other incentives. But companies must decide how a hardship premium should be paid. As a person of salary?   In a lump sum payment? In home or foreign currency?   In forgiven housing is provided, what happens to the vacant home back in the US or to the family housing situation when they eventually return? Incentives required carefully planning before, during, and after the overseas assignment. Assistance Programs: As with any relation, the overseas transfer requires much expenditure for the employee’s family. Some assistance programs commonly offered by multinational corporations includes household   goods , shipping and storage , major appliances; legal clearance for pets and their shipment; home sale protection living expensive ,travel and annual home leaves, special return leaves . Club membership and security. Disciplinary and grievance procedures DISCIPLINE:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Condition of orderliness, in which members behave sensibly according to the standards of acceptable behavior and goals of the organization. (i) Positive Discipline. Procedures designers so that employees have no option than to act in desired manner. (ii) Negative Discipline. Sanctions designed to make people behave in desirable way. Action can be Punitive (punishment)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Deterrent (warning not to do)   Reformative (it will not happen again) STRICT DICSIPLINE. Types of disciplinary situations that managers have to face are as follows: Sleeping on duty Threatening co-workers Disobeying Take drugs Guilty Destroy company’s image Embezzlement Lying Safety procedures ignored Disciplinary Action: The informal talk minor problem, the employee has clear records. Friendly talk at this level to inform about standards Oral warning employees repeated violation, emphasizes the undesirability and warning for the formal, written warning Written warning becomes permanent record of the employee. Lay off or suspension repeated violations lead to this can go for days or weeks. Dismissal drastic step on serious offence. Expensive for the organization Managing disclipnary Situation: Immediacy: Disciplary actions should be taken speedily. Avoid haste and on the spot decisions. Advance Warning: Employee should be informed in advanced about rules and regulations Consistency: Each time it occurs, action should be taken. Inconsistency lowers the morale. Impersonality:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Action should not be based on personality. Privacy: Action should be taken in private to avoid conflict and humiliation. Fairness: Actions to be based on investigated facts. Opportunities should be given to defend him or her. The role of the manager in both a disciplinary and a grievance procedure Describing what managers do is not easy or simple. Just as no two organizations are alike, no two manager’s jobs are alike. Despite this fact, management researchers have, after many years of study, developed three specific categorization schemes to describe what managers do: functions, roles and skills. In this section, we will examine each of these approaches and take a look at how manager’s job is changing Management Functions According to the functions approach, managers perform certain activities as they efficiently and effectively coordinate the work of others. What are these activities or function? All managers perform five functions: Let’s briefly look at each function. 1.  Planning: If you have no particular destination in mind, then you take any road. However, if you have someplace in particular you want to go, you have got to plan the best way to get there. Because organizations exist to achieve some particular purpose, someone must clearly define that purpose and the means for its achievement. Management is that someone. As managers engage in planning , they define goals, established strategies for achieving those goals and develop plans to integrate and coordinate activities. 2. Organizing Managers are responsible for arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organizational goals. We call this function organizing. When manager organize, they determine what task are to be done. Who is to do them, how the task are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made; 3.  Ã‚  Leading Every organization includes people, and a manager’s job is to work with an through people to accomplish organizational goals. This is the leading function. When managers motivate subordinates, help resolve work group conflicts, influence, individuals or teams as they work, select the most effective communication channel, or deal in any way with employee behavior issues, they are leading. 4.  Controlling The final management function is controlling. After the goals and plans are set, the task and structural arrangement determine \d, and the people hired, trained and motivated, there has to be some evaluation of whether things are going on planned. To ensure that goals are being met and tat work is being completed as it should be, managers must monitor and evaluate performance. Actual performance must be compared with the previously set goals. If there are significant deviations. It’s management’s job to get work performance back on track. This process of monitoring, comparing and correcting is what we mean by the controlling function. The key aspects of legislation that applies to an organization’s disciplinary and grievance procedure Drive Leaders exhibit a high effort level. They have a relatively high resire for achievement; they are ambitious; they have a lot of energy; they are tirelessly persistent in their activities; and they show initiative. Desire to lead Leaders have a strong desire to influence and lead others. They demonstrate the willingness to take responsibility. Honesty and integrity Leaders built trusting relationships between themselves and follower by being truthful or no deceitful and by showing high consistency between word and deed. Self-confidence Followers look to leaders for an absence of self-doubt. Leaders, therefore, need to show self-confidence in order to convince follower of the rightness of their goals and decisions. Intelligence Leader need to be intelligent enough together, synthesize and interpret large amounts of information, and they need to be able to create visions, solve problems and make correct decisions. Job   relevant knowledge Effect leaders have degree of knowledge about the company, industry and technical matters. In depth knowledge allows leaders to make well-informed decisions and to understand the implications of those decisions Leaders are energetic Leaders are energetic lively people. They are sociable, assertive and rarely withdrawn. Reflective Statement Simply I can say that Performance management systems involve different activities, far more than simply reviewing what has employee has done. These systems must fulfill several purposes. Moreover, they are often constrained by difficulties in how they operate. Bibliography By (Michael Armstrong) Book name: Performance Management, 3rd Edition Katzenbach and Smith

Give Me Liberty - Chapter Three Essays - Americas, Free Essays

Give Me Liberty - Chapter Three Essays - Americas, Free Essays Give Me Liberty - Chapter Three Global Competition and The Expansion of England's Empire The Mercantilist Syst em Principles of the mercantilism- gov should regulate econ activity (so more gold and silver get in than out) as to promote national power; it should encourage manufacturing and commerce by special bounties, monopolies, etc. T he role of the colonies in mercantilist system was serve mother country's interests by producing raw materials and importing manufactured good from home. Navigation laws-tobacco, sugar had to be transported in English ships and sold in English ports (then could be re-exported to foreign markets); Most European goods imported into colonies had to be through English ships, custom duties were paid. Importance- enabled English merchants, shipbuilders, manufacturers, sailors to benefit from colonial trade; gov received taxes; as a member, Americans colonies benefited. The Conquest of New Netherland New York was originally New Netherland, surrendered by Dutch to English during the Anglo-Dutch war ; Charles II=awarded it to James, duke of York (brother) to rule as pleased. Explain the growth and significance of New York. Military - minor to an important imperial outpost, launched operations against French Commercial - a seaport trading with the Caribbean and Europe Population - 9,000 Europeans to 20,000 by 1685 New York and the Rights of Englishmen and Englishwomen What were the Dutch terms of surrender? Religious Groups - Respect their religious toleration Ethnic Groups - Respect the property holding of the colony's ethnic communities Explain women's rights in New York Under Dutch rule - male were more dominant in business Under English Rule - women could become traders, do business in their own name, could inherit husband's property when he dies. T he English was restrictive toward blacks; free blacks were expelled from many skilled jobs. The benefits of landed elites- gained immense land grants, political influence New York and the Indians Explain the relationship between the English and the Iroquois Confederacy. Initial contact - English rule strengthen Iroquois Confederacy, formed Covenant Chain- support each other (helped British attack French and other Indian tribes). After 1680s - after French and natives attacked Iroquois , Iroquois became neutral planning to play Europeans nations against one another, profited from fur trade. The Charter of Liberties Englishmen complaint they were denied the right to consent to taxation regarding their liberties Charter of Liberties and Privileges - held every 3 years between property owners and freemen of New York City, reaffirmed traditional English rights The Charter an assertion of dominance by the English when English established the principle of "liberties" to which New Yorkers were entitled were those Englishmen enjoyed at home. The Founding of Carolina Carolina was d iscovered when Charles II awarded 8 proprietors to establish a colony north of Florida, then the 1 st settlers arrived in 1670 discover Carolina, "colony of a colony." Colonist relations with Indians not friendly, they enslaved and sent natives away. The lures for settlers - provided and elected assembly, religious toleration and land grants I nt roduction of plantation slavery- Planters discovered staple and rice would make them wealthier and became the epicenter of mainland slavery. The Holy Experiment Identify the origins of Pennsylvania . William Penn was the proprietor of Pennsylvania Importance- He believed in religious freedom, coexist with Indians Quaker Liberty Identify the Quaker principles. Equality - blacks, women, and Indians were equal individuals Liberty - universal entitlement, not the possession of any single person Indian Relations - peaceful, treated Indians with consideration (unique in colonial time), buy land from Indians not take Warfare - Quakers were peaceful, came to America unarmed, didn't establish military, protected by local Indians from other tribes who try to take over Religious freedom - "religious Uniformity", rights to worship voluntarily Land in Pennsylvania Penn created a gov in which an appointed council to originate legislation and an assembly elected by male taxpayers and "freemen" (owners of 50 acres for indentured servants, 100 acres for free immigrants)- made majority of male population able to vote It attra cted settlers by its freedom, religious toleration, healthy climate inexpensive land Succeeded in attracting settlers but eventually coming into conflict with Indian's policy Origins of American Slavery Englishmen and Africans Describe English cultural perceptions.

Nursing Case Management Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Nursing Case Management Plan - Assignment Example Most of their friends have deceased, and they have little to no support in the community. She has been admitted to the hospital for further assessment and evaluation of her condition. In this assignment, a nursing case management plan will be designed based on nursing assessment and will be presented in the specified format. This will help in care delivery prioritized based on her needs. While presenting this there will be concurrent critical analysis of the care plan in order to justify it based on evidence from contemporary literature (White and Davidhizar, 2006, 46-47). In the nursing practice area, this is viewed as an organizer of care delivery, and in order to meet the standards and need of evidence-based practice, research is frequently used, and this assignment ensures that the care delivered to her is person centred. (Herleman, 2008, 235-244). Mrs. Chang is an 82-year-old elderly, thin and frail woman with late stage parkinsonism with deficiency of information in this case study about the details of that condition. Generally, this condition presents as gradual slowing of voluntary movement, muscular rigidity, stooped posture, and distinctive rigid gait. She has also evidence of rheumatoid arthritis of both hands leading to severely restricted mobility. Moreover, age-related osteoporosis and osteoarthritis may accentuate her mobility problems further. Increase in frequency of fall is very common. Her current medications have not been mentioned, but she has been on ibuprofen. This indicates that she is on chronic pain, which can further compromise her mobility (Nolan and Tolson, 2000, 39-42). The goal of nursing management based on this need will be to improvement her mobility. At the end of care, the patient will be more comfortable with decreased pain, so she will be able to perform her activities of daily living as the limits of the disease condition permits, and this will be manifested by maintenance of joint mobility and range of motion while exhibiting adaptive coping behaviour. Ultimately the goal of care would be improvement of her muscle strength and endurance above her current levels (Rubenstein, Powers, and MacLean, 2001, 686-693). An impaired nervous system leading to a progressive disease can lead to subtle weakness and even drastic loss of mobility. Therefore goals of nursing management would be to slow the progression of the disease and improve the mobility and range of motion to the best possible levels. (Eliopolous, 2005, 1-53). Intervention from the nursing management aspect should include provision of support and reassurance to help her cope with limited mobility. She would be encouraged to express her feelings about immobility and nodular joints. It is imperative that she and her husband would be included in all phases of care and in the care management plan. There will be all attempts to answer all of their questions honestly. There is a chronic analgesic prescription, but that must tailored to her needs. Self-care at her own pace will be encouraged. The patient will need to have adequate rest, and she and her husba

Investment strategy for the Brighton office Essay

Investment strategy for the Brighton office - Essay Example Turnover 400,000831,609831,609831,609831,609 Profit 60,000166,322166,322166,322166,322 Design and Build Turnover 840,0001,440,0001,440,0001,440,0001,440,0001,440,000 Profit 100,800172,800172,800172,800172,800172,800 Project Management Turnover 350,000420,000504,000 Profit 70,00089,250113,400 Affordable Rural Housing Turnover 240,000600,000600,000600,000 Profit 24,00072,00072,00072,000 Speculative Developments Turnover Profit ------ Total Turnover 5,840,0007,440,0008,374,1099,359,7349,719,14010,107,017 Profit 525,800740,300892,9341,034,3621,078,2121,128,191 Turnover Per Annum in the 5 Years Beyond 2006: 9,000,000 Table 1.2 Expand Speculative Development and Forego Shopfitting 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Current Business Turnover 5,000,0005,250,0005,512,5005,788,1256,077,5316,381,408 Profit425,000446,250468,563491,991516,590542,420 Domestic Repairs and Maintenance Turnover 350,000350,000350,000350,000350,000 Profit -61,25061,25061,25061,25061,250...Also, expansion in the affordable rural housing sector is justified by the low supply in this sector. The difficulty in obtaining the necessary land and approval only makes the barrier to entry higher making this sector an attractive one. The outlook for the shopfitting market is bleak and is expected to pick up only in the medium and long term, amidst poor consumer sentiments (AMA Research 2005). However, moderate amount of investment is justified by the patronage of a regular client. Expansion in the speculative development market is justified by the low market supply (CPAT 2004). However, this segment is risky and therefore only moderate amount of investment is justified. The three tables below show the three feasible programmes, (1) expand shopfitting and forego speculative development, (2) expand speculative development and forego shopfitting, and (3) moderate amount of investment in both shopfitting and speculative development. As discussed ab ove, the third programme of moderate amount of investment in both shopfitting and speculative development is proposed. Product mix has been discussed previously as the earlier section has identified the most lucrative opportunities that the company can take advantage of. This paper recommends that the company infuse moderate investments in shopfitting and speculative development in order to maximize turnover.

Evaluation of the educational needs of 3rd and 4th year medical Essay

Evaluation of the educational needs of 3rd and 4th year medical imaging students for fostering specialized radiographers - Essay Example The initial search terms that were used were medical imaging, radiography, and students. At this time, the search was limited to these words, to see what articles could be found. As I was interested in the evolution of medical image teaching, in that my interest is in what techniques have been used within the last 30 years, the articles that I reviewed and researched were from 1979 to present. The articles were narrowed down to 50 articles by eliminating articles and studies that essentially duplicated other, very similar studies. If a study did not provide a strategy that was novel, it was eliminated. The goal was to find diverse articles that represented slightly different aspects of the issues. Also, in the interest of diversity, articles that examined medical imaging in the context of medical student education were examined as well. Of interest were the most innovative strategies for teaching medical imaging students, including those who are in medical or dental schools, along wi th those seeking a 4 year degree. Also of interest were articles that focused on radiographers, and the kind of training that makes specialty radiographers competent and well-versed. I was also interested in finding articles that provided a comprehensive look at some of the basics that need to be understood, as well as articles that speak on policy issues surrounding medical imaging education. Combining the focus of these lines of inquiry came up with the best overall view of the question at hand. The articles that were selected were global. Thus, the articles are representative of global strategies. Of interest was whether certain countries are using techniques that are effective and might not be as well-known in this country, and whether these techniques can be imported to this country or whether the techniques would work best because of the culture of the country from where the study originated. When choosing the five articles that

Letter of motivation Essay Example for Free

Letter of motivation Essay Letter of motivation I am senior student of bachelor of computer engineering at Sepahan institute of higher education and I want to continue my study in telecommunications engineering at the Politecnico di Milano in Italy. here are my reasons for this choice. I always tried to do my best to follow and understand the evolving and growing line of technology which is going as fast as it can, so I chose Computer Engineering for my bachelor degree and every class was a great opportunity for me to learn something new and helpful but for my master degree I wanted to go deeper in the field of omputer networks and telecommunications which is my passion and my goal is to learn more and more and to put my learnings and knowledge finally in the field. ne of my favorite company that I want to be part of is Cisco which is the best network company out there. And my reasons for choosing Italy are that this will be a great and life changing opportunity for me to visit another countries and get familiar with other cultures and traditions and the important part is that Italy is a great developed and technological country which provides me with such a professional environment or me to grow my skills and be an expert in my field. The important part of studying abroad is to choose the best university in a country. so I did a lot of research about university rankings and the programs they offer and even asked a lot of the students who chose polimi for their destination. And with all that in mind and some other factors such as the faculty I chose polimi to continue my study in master. With all that and my knowledge of my self and my education and skill background I know I can be a great candidate for admission. and I hope I could get everything possible to learn from this program.

Essay --

Have you realized that â€Å"Fear of quitting smoking causes the majority of smokers to continue smoking, not the actual nicotine withdrawal† (That company called if). The reasons to smoke differ from teens within society. This is an opinion based paper that gives a brief scope as to what the main reasons are for inhaling this harmful substance, going from getting addicted to eradicating the need to smoke in your daily life. This essay not only shines a bright light in the life of a ‘smoker’ but also brings out the prospects in not smoking and how it only goes uphill from there! â€Å"The action or habit of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of tobacco or a drug† (Oxford University Press), is the classification of smoking. Why do people start smoking in the first place? The main 4 reasons for a teen to start smoking are stress, social awareness and peer pressure but also to cope with boredom; this are the alleged reasons that are all psychological based. Today in the 21st century smoking a cigarette or smoking in general will enhance ones social skills, as in make you cool throughout your friends and you even might impress someone of the opposite gender too. Teens specially start smoking cause they think their life is stressful due to studies and personal pressures such as family problems. Teens are looking for a way to put their blame on something other than just facing their problems. Nonetheless in today’s society you have a bigger chance of getting influenced specially from those close to you such as friends and family, which leads to peer pre ssure, doing something that you don’t want to do. â€Å"The number of movies with tobacco-related scenes has gone down since 2005. But in 2010, more than 30% of top-grossing movies rated G, PG, and PG-... ...minimum of 5 other effects smoking causes the human body and your health (Free OxyGenaration). On the positive of things, if you stop smoking you will look much healthier as your skin will receive more oxygen, you will increase your life expectancy by a couple of years, decrease the chances of getting cancer and finally but not least you will save a lot of money which you could benefit you and your family. To sum up, the benefits of not smoking are gigantic and therefore you will realize once you stop smoking that everything is going to go uphill from now on. This is the foundation or you can say the basis of your life, which will gradually be built. This will help you live the so-called smoke-free and healthy lifestyle. All together, what you decide; to smoke or not to smoke decision is up to you. This essay gives a detail outline for what to do and what not to do.